Japan is an island nation in the northwest Pacific Ocean, stretching in a long arc from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. Composed of four main islands — Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku — along with thousands of smaller islands, Japan is defined by mountainous terrain, … Read more
South Korea occupies the southern half of the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, bordered by the Yellow Sea to the west, the East Sea (Sea of Japan) to the east, and the Korea Strait to the south. Though relatively compact in size, the country’s terrain is diverse — dominated by mountains, river valleys, and deeply … Read more
Scattered across the western Pacific, the Philippines is an archipelago of more than 7,000 islands shaped by volcanic fire, tropical seas, and centuries of layered history. Positioned between Southeast Asia and the Pacific, the country blends Asian roots with Hispanic and American influences, creating a culture that is both uniquely Filipino and globally connected. Geographically … Read more
Mongolia is a vast, landlocked nation in East and Central Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. Despite its relatively small population, it is one of the largest countries in the world by area, defined by immense open landscapes and dramatic continental extremes. Geographically, Mongolia is dominated by steppe grasslands, … Read more
Taiwan is an island located off the southeastern coast of mainland China in the western Pacific Ocean. Though relatively small in area, Taiwan contains some of East Asia’s most dramatic and varied geography — steep mountains, deep gorges, fertile plains, and rugged coastlines shaped by powerful tectonic forces. The island sits along the boundary between … Read more
China is the world’s third-largest country by land area, stretching from the Pacific coastline in the east to high plateaus and deserts in the west. Its geography is vast and highly varied, encompassing some of Earth’s most dramatic landscapes — towering mountains, expansive river basins, arid deserts, fertile plains, and subtropical coastlines. Western China is … Read more
India occupies a vast portion of South Asia, stretching from the Himalayan highlands in the north to tropical coasts along the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. Its geography is defined by dramatic contrasts — towering mountain ranges, fertile river plains, arid deserts, plateau interiors, and long peninsular shorelines. To the north rise the Himalayas, … Read more
Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelagic nation, stretching across more than 17,000 islands between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Positioned along the equator, it forms a vast maritime bridge between mainland Southeast Asia and Australia, as well as between the Asian and Australian tectonic plates. Geographically, Indonesia is defined by water. Major islands such as … Read more
Pakistan occupies a diverse geographic position in South Asia, bordered by Afghanistan, Iran, India, and China, with a southern coastline along the Arabian Sea. Its terrain encompasses towering mountains in the north, fertile plains along the Indus River, arid plateaus in the west, and coastal delta regions in the south. Northern Pakistan is dominated by … Read more
Iraq occupies a pivotal geographic position in Western Asia, bridging the Arabian Peninsula, the Anatolian highlands, and the Iranian Plateau. Its landscape is defined by the historic basin of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which converge in southern Iraq before flowing into the Persian Gulf. Geography here is overwhelmingly fluvial in the center and south, … Read more
